{"id":280673,"date":"2023-03-25T12:07:11","date_gmt":"2023-03-25T01:07:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/?p=280673"},"modified":"2023-05-08T14:19:40","modified_gmt":"2023-05-08T04:19:40","slug":"khedive-tawfiq-and-the-reform-of-the-egyptian-currency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%81%d9%8a%d9%82-%d9%88%d8%a5%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"Khedive Tawfiq and the reform of the Egyptian currency in 1885"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" 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id=\"%D8%A5%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_1885_%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1\"><\/span><strong>\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1885 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%82_%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 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\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1881 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_280693\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-280693\" style=\"width: 321px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-280693\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Al-Ahram-1881.07.15-01-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"321\" height=\"338\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-280693\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0645 &#8211; 1881.07.15<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629\u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a 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id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a 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is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"854\" height=\"427\" data-id=\"280714\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5-Francs-Napoleon-III-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-280714\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5-Francs-Napoleon-III-Small-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5-Francs-Napoleon-III-Small.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"854\" height=\"427\" data-id=\"280715\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/sovereign-1876-british-coin-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-280715\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/sovereign-1876-british-coin-Small-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/sovereign-1876-british-coin-Small.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u062a\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 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wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"854\" height=\"425\" data-id=\"280717\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1-Drachme-1873-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-280717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1-Drachme-1873-Small-768x382.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1-Drachme-1873-Small.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"854\" height=\"425\" data-id=\"280716\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2-Francs-Napoleon-1870-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-280716\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2-Francs-Napoleon-1870-Small-768x382.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2-Francs-Napoleon-1870-Small.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<figure id=\"attachment_280699\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-280699\" style=\"width: 202px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-280699\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Lord-Alfrid-Milner.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"202\" height=\"256\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-280699\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0646\u0631 &#8211; \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0646\u0631 &#8211; \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 &#8211; \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 &#8221; \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631&#8221; &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/in.ernet.dli.2015.278696\/mode\/2up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-abc=\"true\">England In Egypt<\/a>&#8221; \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>&#8220;\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 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\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<figure id=\"attachment_280701\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-280701\" style=\"width: 249px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-280701\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Sir-Edgar-Vincent-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"249\" height=\"336\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-280701\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646\u062a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1883 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u060c \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645. ,\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 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\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u061b \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0643).<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"816\" data-id=\"280702\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Counterfiet-Law-Egypt-1883-01-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-280702\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"800\" data-id=\"280703\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Counterfiet-Law-Egypt-1883-02-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-280703\"><\/figure>\n<figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption wp-element-caption\">\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a 1883<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%A5%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B9\"><\/span>\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<figure id=\"attachment_280706\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-280706\" style=\"width: 322px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-280706\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Al-Ahram-1885.04.24-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"322\" height=\"354\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-280706\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0645 1885.04.24<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1883 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 1884 \u0648 1885\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b&nbsp;\u0625\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1884 (\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/%d9%86%d9%82%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%ad%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b1%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%85\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-abc=\"true\">\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645<\/a><\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a 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\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 ,\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0646 ,\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627 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\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span>\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<figure id=\"attachment_280723\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-280723\" style=\"width: 313px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-280723\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Al-Ahram-1885.10.15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"404\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-280723\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Al Ahram 1885.10.15 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0645<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0623\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629&nbsp; \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a 7 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1884 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0625\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a ) \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 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srcset=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1-10-th-Piastres-Egypt-1293-12-Small-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1-10-th-Piastres-Egypt-1293-12-Small.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"854\" height=\"427\" data-id=\"280724\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/100-Piastres-Egypr-1293-12-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\" class=\"wp-image-280724\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/100-Piastres-Egypr-1293-12-Small-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/100-Piastres-Egypr-1293-12-Small.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">100 \u0642\u0631\u0634 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0636\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 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\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_280727\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-280727\" style=\"width: 347px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-280727\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Al-Ahram-1886.03.02-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Al-Ahram-1886.03.02-Small-768x367.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Al-Ahram-1886.03.02-Small.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 347px) 100vw, 347px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-280727\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Al Ahram , 1886.03.02 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0645<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a 2 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1886 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 160 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a 103 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0623\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644, \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 33 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a 3-3-1886 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f 105 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 66 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 28 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1886 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1886 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f 110 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a 4 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 8 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 20 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629: \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<figure id=\"attachment_280737\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-280737\" style=\"width: 320px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-280737 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5-10-Piastres-Egypt-1293-Mobile.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5-10-Piastres-Egypt-1293-Mobile-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5-10-Piastres-Egypt-1293-Mobile.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-280737\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1303 \u0647\u0640 (\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1886) \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u060c 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\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1886 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0646 (\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 2550).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1886 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 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\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-280742 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/b051c9eb1b5c6eb92f723f47de584eb2-Small.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"164\" height=\"339\">\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a\u060c \u063a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1889 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u063a\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0643\u0646\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1\"><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/in.ernet.dli.2015.278696\/mode\/2up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-abc=\"true\">England In Egypt<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0646\u0631 &#8211; \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a &#8211; \u0645\u0635\u0631 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Annual report of the Director of the Mint<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">The Annual Report the deputy master of the Mint<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8211; The National Archive<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0647\u0627 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (15 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1964)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f &#8211; \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The reform of the Egyptian currency in 1885 was a turning point in the history of Egypt. Under Khedive Tawfiq, the country faced financial collapse and war. Internal conditions in Egypt deteriorated after he assumed power, with financial problems being the root cause of Egypt&#039;s decline and the origin of foreign intervention. For any effective control over Egyptian affairs, the first and most necessary step was\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1509,"featured_media":280744,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wpupg_custom_link":[],"wpupg_custom_link_behaviour":[],"wpupg_custom_link_nofollow":[],"wpupg_custom_image":[],"wpupg_custom_image_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1578,308,364,1424],"tags":[1904,1903,1927,1923,1901,2181,1913,1912,2180,1922,1228,2183,1915,1916,1150,2182,1921,1924,1917,1925,1928,1900,1881,1885,1902,1882,1886,1884,1889,1892,1898,1893,1920,1890,1907,1895,1919,1918,1891,1227,1910,1880,1899,1896,1908,1926,1183,1906,967,1929,1894,303,331,304,1897,1911,305,1905,1887],"class_list":["post-280673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arabic-coins","category-coins","category-historical","category-numismatics","tag-1904","tag-1903","tag-al-ahram","tag-alfred-milner","tag-auckland-colvin","tag-coin-egypt","tag-coin-reform","tag-coinage-reform","tag-currency-of-egypt","tag-edgar-vincent","tag-egypt-coin","tag-egypt-silver","tag-egyptian-coin-reform","tag-egyptian-coinage-reform","tag-elwin-palmer","tag-silver-in-egypt","tag-sir-edgar-vincent","tag-viscount-milner","tag-1917","tag-1925","tag-1928","tag-1900","tag-1881","tag-----1885","tag-1902","tag-1882","tag-1886","tag----1885","tag-1889","tag-1892","tag-1898","tag-1893","tag-1920","tag-1890","tag-1907","tag-1895","tag-1919","tag-1918","tag-1891","tag-1227","tag-1910","tag-1880","tag-1899","tag-1896","tag-1908","tag-1926","tag-1183","tag-1906","tag-967","tag-1929","tag-1894","tag-303","tag-331","tag-304","tag-1897","tag-1911","tag-305","tag-1905","tag-1887"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/280673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1509"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=280673"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/280673\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/280744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=280673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=280673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=280673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}