{"id":276603,"date":"2022-03-15T21:38:00","date_gmt":"2022-03-15T10:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/?p=276603"},"modified":"2023-05-02T18:23:14","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T08:23:14","slug":"100-years-since-egypts-independence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/100-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"100 years since Egypt&#039;s independence"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"rtl\">What were the political circumstances surrounding Egypt&#039;s independence? And how did this affect hobbies?<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/58641-20682435741584176251.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279844\" width=\"308\" height=\"452\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/100-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1\/#%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9\" >Historical background<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/100-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9\" >Postage stamps<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/100-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\" >gold coins<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\" id=\"0-%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span>Historical background<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"font-size: revert;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-279827 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Saad_Zaghlul-updraft-pre-smush-original.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"145\" height=\"236\">Today marks the centenary of Egypt&#039;s declaration of independence from the British protectorate, which was imposed on Egypt on December 18, 1914, following the outbreak of World War I and the declaration of the establishment of the United Kingdom. <a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-abc=\"true\">Kingdom of Egypt<\/a>After the war ended, some nationalist movements emerged on the Egyptian scene, calling for an end to British protection and the declaration of Egypt as an independent state.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">The most prominent of these movements was a series of popular protests against British policy, led by the Egyptian delegation headed by Saad Zaghloul and a large group of Egyptian politicians, which later became known as the 1919 Revolution. This sparked resistance movements against British soldiers stationed in camps in Egypt.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">After numerous negotiations between the Egyptian and British governments, on February 28, 1922, Lord Allenby returned to Cairo carrying the declaration entitled \u201cDeclaration to Egypt,\u201d which included the termination of the protectorate and the declaration of Egypt as an independent and sovereign state. Britain left some matters unchanged until an agreement was reached on them, namely: securing the communications of the British Empire; defending Egypt from all foreign interference; protecting foreign interests in Egypt and protecting minorities; and the Sudanese question.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-279830 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Untitled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"628\" height=\"351\"><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">On March 15, Sultan Fuad I declared Egypt\u2019s independence and took the title of King of Egypt. Abdel Khaleq Tharwat\u2019s ministry was formed, and the day was considered a national holiday. The way was paved for the drafting and ratification of an Egyptian constitution, and a royal decree was issued on April 19, 1923, declaring Fuad King of Egypt, Sudan, and Lord of Nubia, Kordofan, and Darfur.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/2022-637829479526999591-699.jpg\" alt=\" Declaration of Egyptian independence\" class=\"wp-image-279829\" width=\"314\" height=\"811\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Proclamation-28-Feb-1922.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279834\" width=\"564\" height=\"721\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\" id=\"1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span>Postage stamps<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Egypt immediately began preparing a set of postage stamps to commemorate and document the event. The Ministry of Transportation proposed placing King Fuad&#039;s image on the stamps, inscribing them with &quot;Egyptian Post&quot; at the top and the price in millimes at the bottom. The denominations to be issued were 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 20, 50, 100, 200, and one Egyptian pound, according to a report published in Al-Ahram newspaper on August 3, 1922.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Al-Ahram-1922.08.03.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279831\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Various designs from that collection were later exhibited, and currently, a number of stamp collectors own large portions of the experimental collection of initial stamp designs. Parts of these designs are displayed at international stamp exhibitions, such as the designs shown below from the collection of Professor Hani Salam.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"879\" data-id=\"279832\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Exhibit0010.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279832\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"886\" data-id=\"279833\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Exhibit0004.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279833\"><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\">However, in October of the same year, the Egyptian Postal Authority announced that, since the printing of the stamps had not been completed up to that date, the Egyptian government decided to display the name of the Egyptian state on the existing stamps, so it printed on them a picture of the crown and below it the following words: \u201dThe Kingdom of Egypt \u2013 March 15, 1922\u201d, and began distributing them starting from October 9, 1922, on the occasion of the anniversary of the King\u2019s accession, and the public began using them.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"255\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"279839\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Cleopatra.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279839\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"254\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"279838\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Overprinted.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279838\"><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"370\" height=\"613\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Al-Ahram-1922.10.11.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279840\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\" id=\"2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span>gold coins<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\">On the occasion of King Fuad\u2019s accession to the throne on the occasion of Egypt\u2019s independence, the Egyptian government decided to mint a number of gold coins of the one pound and five pounds denominations for this occasion, known as the first Egyptian commemorative coins that date the history of Egypt\u2019s independence.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">It featured a picture of King Fuad wearing the royal suit and looking to the right, and on the back were placed the Gregorian date 1922 and the Hijri date 1340.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"302\" data-id=\"279842\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/photo28421.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279842\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"299\" data-id=\"279841\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/photo62814.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279841\"><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full td-caption-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"435\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/pub-8c6367eeb78947fb9a67f9647334fc7f.r2.dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Al-Ahram-1922.10.24-B.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-279843\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Al-Ahram, October 24, 1922<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Sources:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Al-Ahram newspaper archive<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Arab Collector e-Library<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Wikipedia website<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Various sites<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">For more similar topics, you can browse the Arab collector&#039;s website. <a href=\"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/currency-of-the-year-2022-competition\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Link<\/a> the next:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"bzsiZ5PR2qEhYLNUmtyi84hlZyIr6eCGuMLsawUVuwAYz1Bpvv9QVJK9kNAGoEPc6WOtFk20JI8Slqb\"><blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"iNTK8weSJ7\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/currency-of-the-year-2022-competition\/\">Currency of the Year 2022 Competition<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"\u201cCurrency of the Year 2022 Competition\u201d \u2014 The Arab Collector\" src=\"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85-2022\/embed\/#?secret=LZMaSSY7c6#?secret=iNTK8weSJ7\" data-secret=\"iNTK8weSJ7\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What were the political circumstances surrounding Egypt&#039;s independence? And how did this affect its culture? A historical background: Today marks the centenary of Egypt&#039;s declaration of independence from the British protectorate, which was imposed on Egypt on December 18, 1914, following the outbreak of World War I and the establishment of the Kingdom of Egypt. After the war ended, several nationalist movements emerged in Egypt, calling for an end to\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1509,"featured_media":279828,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wpupg_custom_link":[],"wpupg_custom_link_behaviour":[],"wpupg_custom_link_nofollow":[],"wpupg_custom_image":[],"wpupg_custom_image_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1578,308,364,1424,318],"tags":[1618,1617,1114,1115,846,352,1620,482,303,1619,495,331,304],"class_list":["post-276603","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arabic-coins","category-coins","category-historical","category-numismatics","category-philately","tag-egypt-british-protectorate","tag-egypt-independence","tag-1114","tag-1115","tag-846","tag-352","tag-1620","tag-482","tag-303","tag-1619","tag-495","tag-331","tag-304"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276603","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1509"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276603"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276603\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/279828"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276603"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276603"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arabcollector.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}